linux常用命令
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列出/root目录下的的文件与相关的属性参数
[root@asterisk1 ~]# ls –al /root ←列出/root目录下所有文件
total 552
drwxr-x--- 2 root root 4096 Mar 10 17:09 .
drwxr-xr-x 24 root root 4096 Mar 14 09:24 ..
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 799 Mar 9 21:12 anaconda-ks.cfg
-rw------- 1 root root 679 Mar 14 09:33 .asterisk_history
-rw------- 1 root root 3456 Mar 14 09:38 .bash_history
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 24 Feb 22 2005 .bash_logout
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 191 Feb 22 2005 .bash_profile
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 176 Feb 22 2005 .bashrc
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 100 Feb 22 2005 .cshrc
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 458035 Mar 9 21:20 install_asterisk.log
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 15014 Mar 9 21:12 install.log
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3935 Mar 9 21:12 install.log.syslog
-rw------- 1 root root 0 Mar 10 17:09 .mysql_history
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 102 Feb 22 2005 .tcshrc
[root@asterisk1 ~]#
Date命令用法
[root@asterisk1 ~]# date
Fri Mar 14 11:03:33 HKT 2008'
[root@asterisk1 ~]# date +%Y/%m/%d
2008/03/14
[root@asterisk1 ~]# date +%H:%M
11:05
[root@asterisk1 ~]#
显示日历的命令
[root@asterisk1 ~]# cal
March 2008
Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa
1
2 3 4 5 6 7 8
9 10 11 12 13 14 15
16 17 18 19 20 21 22
23 24 25 26 27 28 29
30 31
[root@asterisk1 ~]# cal 3 2008
March 2008
Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa
1
2 3 4 5 6 7 8
9 10 11 12 13 14 15
16 17 18 19 20 21 22
23 24 25 26 27 28 29
30 31
[root@asterisk1 ~]# cal 2008
2008
January February March
Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa
1 2 3 4 5 1 2 1
6 7 8 9 10 11 12 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
13 14 15 16 17 18 19 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
20 21 22 23 24 25 26 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 16 17 18 19 20 21 22
27 28 29 30 31 24 25 26 27 28 29 23 24 25 26 27 28 29
30 31
April May June
Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa
1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
6 7 8 9 10 11 12 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
13 14 15 16 17 18 19 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 15 16 17 18 19 20 21
20 21 22 23 24 25 26 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 22 23 24 25 26 27 28
27 28 29 30 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 29 30
July August September
Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa
1 2 3 4 5 1 2 1 2 3 4 5 6
6 7 8 9 10 11 12 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
13 14 15 16 17 18 19 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
20 21 22 23 24 25 26 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 21 22 23 24 25 26 27
27 28 29 30 31 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 28 29 30
31
October November December
Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa
1 2 3 4 1 1 2 3 4 5 6
5 6 7 8 9 10 11 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
简单好用的计算器命令 bc
[root@asterisk1 ~]# bc
bc 1.06
Copyright 1991-1994, 1997, 1998, 2000 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY.
For details type `warranty'.
1+2+3+4
10
7-8+3
2
10*52
520
10%3
1
10^2
100
10/100
0
scale=3
10/100
.100
quit
[root@asterisk1 ~]#
删除声卡模块
[root@test ~]# lsmod ←查看加载的模块
Module Size Used by
ztdummy 3924 0
wcfxo 11424 0
zttranscode 9608 0
zaptel 192676 5 ztdummy,wcfxo,zttranscode
octvqe 18864 1 zaptel
crc_ccitt 2113 1 zaptel
md5 4033 1
ipv6 235137 14
autofs4 24773 0
i2c_dev 11329 0
i2c_core 22081 1 i2c_dev
sunrpc 162725 1
dm_mirror 27825 0
dm_mod 57557 1 dm_mirror
snd_ac97_codec 63889 0
snd_pcm_oss 49017 0
snd_mixer_oss 17985 1 snd_pcm_oss
snd_pcm 96841 1 snd_pcm_oss
snd_opl3_lib 11329 0
snd_timer 29893 2 snd_pcm,snd_opl3_lib
snd_hwdep 9925 1 snd_opl3_lib
snd_page_alloc 9673 1 snd_pcm
snd_mpu401_uart 8769 0
snd_rawmidi 26597 1 snd_mpu401_uart
snd_seq_device 8137 2 snd_opl3_lib,snd_rawmidi
snd 55461 10 snd_ac97_codec,snd_pcm_oss,snd_mixer_oss,snd_pcm,
snd_opl3_lib,snd_timer,snd_hwdep,snd_mpu401_uart,snd_rawmidi,snd_seq_device
soundcore 9889 1 snd
e100 41793 0
mii 5185 1 e100
floppy 58481 0
ext3 116809 2
jbd 71385 1 ext3
[root@test ~]# rmmod -f snd_ymfpci ←强制删除声卡模块
[root@test ~]# cat /proc/interrupts ←查看终端号
CPU0
0: 21842745 XT-PIC timer
1: 8 XT-PIC i8042
2: 0 XT-PIC cascade
8: 1 XT-PIC rtc
11: 841866 XT-PIC eth0
12: 66 XT-PIC i8042
14: 32717 XT-PIC ide0
15: 644 XT-PIC ide1
NMI: 0
ERR: 0
[root@test ~]#
[root@test rc.d]# vi /etc/rc.d/rc.local ←编辑开机删除模块
#!/bin/sh
#
# This script will be executed *after* all the other init scripts.
# You can put your own initialization stuff in here if you don't
# want to do the full Sys V style init stuff.
touch /var/lock/subsys/local
/etc/trixbox/runonce
/usr/local/sbin/motd.sh > /etc/motd
/sbin/udevstart
/usr/sbin/ztcfg
/usr/sbin/fxotune -s
/usr/sbin/amportal start
rmmod -f snd_ymfpci ←在文件最末增加此语句
显示文件内容命令：
- Cat 由第一行开始显示文件内容
- Tac 从最后一行开始显示，可以看出tac是cat的倒写
- More 一页一页地显示文件内容
- Less 与more类似，但其优点是，可以往前翻页
- Head 只看头几行
- Tail 只看末尾几行
- Nl 显示时同时输出行号
- Od 以二进制方式读取文件内容
[test ~]# cat -n .bash_history ←查看最近的运行命令的历史记录
1 ping www.15099.net
2 ping www.lihaixin.com
3 netconfig
4 service network trstart
5 service network restart
6 ifconfig /all
7 ifconfig
8 init 0
9 ifconfig
10 ping mirror.freepbx.org
11 ping www.xingke.net.cn
12 cd /etc
13 cd sysconfig/
14 ls
15 cd network-scripts/
16 ls
17 cat ifcfg-eth0
18 init 0
19 yum list installed
20 yum search ftpd
21 help-trixbox
22 yum search ftpd
23 yum
24 yum -y install vsftpd
25 ifconfig
26 netconfig
27 service network restart
28 ifconfig
29 yum
30 uname -a
31 cat /proc/version
32 reboot
33 uname -a
34 cat /etc/issue
35 uname -a
36 cat /proc/cpuinfo
37 cat /boot/grub/grub.conf
38 cat /etc/sysconfig/zaptel
39 lspci
40 cat /proc/cpuinfo
41 rpm -qa | grep zap
42 cd /
43 cd proc
44 cat interrupts
45 uname -a
46 ifconfig
47 ifconfig a
48 ifconfig -a
49 ifconfig
50 ifconfig -a
51 chkconfig --list cups
52 ps -aux
53 ifconfig
54 ifconfig -a
55 lsmod
56 vi /etc/modprobe.conf
57 cat /etc/modprobe.conf
58 shutdown -r now
59 lsmod
60 hostname test
61 exit
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